gibberellin + jasmonic acid = more trichomes?

[dizzlekush]

Just recently finished using Jaz Rose Spray on some super stressed plants in early flowering....after 3 applications every 3 days apart...my ladies are looking insane again....much easier to see the results with plants that are hurting ...

UVB Bulbs..... These are my fav...these are the best on the market...Aqualine 10K Check out the study.... Gojo/Spurr we grinded on this UVB topic hard couple years back

http://www.personal.psu.edu/sbj4/aquarium/articles/MetalHalideLamps1.htm

@Storm Shadow thanks for your shared experience. what stage of growth were the plants in and what was the application rates? i think i remember you saying you liked 1/2 strength or ~55ppm MDHJ.

 

[guineapig]

First about the Gibberellic Acid and then the UV-B....

I am not suprised about the foxtailling. GA should not be used on flowering plants because
it can revert plants back to vegetative phase and the stress can cause maleness in female
plants. I had this conversation many years ago regarding the Nitrozyme product because
it contains GA. I argued that it should not be used in flowering. Others said it could be
used in flowering with no problems. I guess now I think that the product does not contain
a large amount of GA, unlike that product that you used that caused the foxtailling....

So about UV-B...

After scientists discovered the blue light receptor "cryptochrome," the scientific
community was forced to change its firmly held belief that the red-light receptor
"phytochrome" was the only light-absorbing molecule in the plant. It is now theorized
that there is an as-of-yet-unknown receptor for far-red light, UV-B, UV-A, and even
a green light receptor. It has been established in the laboratory by Dr. Melchoulam
that additional UV-B light will convert more precursor chemicals into more THC. This
was done in the lab in the presence of oxygen, but it is theorized that it transfers into
the real world as well. The UV-B light probably does play many additional roles I would
think as well but it must be verified in the traditional scientific manner.

The strange thing is, we know much more about the animal world than the plant world....
You would think plants are a simple life form, but that is just not true....

kind regards from guineapig

 

[Storm Shadow]

@Storm Shadow thanks for your shared experience. what stage of growth were the plants in and what was the application rates? i think i remember you saying you liked 1/2 strength or ~55ppm MDHJ.

day 17 of flowering and I used full strength..on my bottle that was 3.5 TBS per gallon...i also sprayed some ladies day 2 into flowering that were healthy same concentration and these leaves didnt take well at all....took a few days for them to grow out of the funk ...then they took off again and look nice....

Jaz is legit....i like teaming it up with Giant Knotweed Extract and getting that Immune system ready to fight off anything..while at the same time my plants taste and smell better....

http://marronebioinnovations.com/pdf/regalia_brochure.pdf

 

[dizzlekush]

3.5 TBS per gallonhttp://marronebioinnovations.com/pdf/regalia_brochure.pdf

Whoa... my bottle says 2.5 TSP per gallon, not 3.5 TBSP.

i hate to hassle you buddy, but you think you might be able to look at the % of MDHJ on your bottle so i can find out your applied ppm?

 

[Storm Shadow]

Dizzle your right ...it says 2.5T per gallon...

Damn that means I used alot... I used 3.5 Tablespoons per gallon...like I said worked amazing on the stressed plants...no to so at first on the healthy ones...

what does the % of that come out too?
I will check my bottle tommarow...i have the Rose concentrate version

 

[dizzlekush]

Dizzle your right ...it says 2.5T per gallon...

Damn that means I used alot... I used 3.5 Tablespoons per gallon...like I said worked amazing on the stressed plants...no to so at first on the healthy ones...

what does the % of that come out too?
I will check my bottle tommarow...i have the Rose concentrate version

Dam bro, if yours is the same concentration as mine (i got the Rose Spray Concentrate as well), which is 3.2% MDHJ, then you dosed your plants with ~450ppm MDHJ, where ive been finding ~55ppm MDHJ to be effective for trichome production, which is my use for it.

not surprised that some of your plants weren't that happy after 3 ~450ppm MDHJ doses every 3 days, that's some heavy PGR usage, 420% (ironic) stronger than what the suggested use is, frankly im surprised that you didn't have more adverse effects.

 

[DonkDBZ]

So decided to use my GH rapid start sample this go. Which has willow extract.

I wanna hit my girls with some JAZ so anyone have a edumacated guess on how long one should wait after using SA products before apply JAZ to avoid the negative cross talk?

 

[Storm Shadow]

Dizzle...for a second you had me trippen out hard.... my bottle says 1.25 fl oz per gallon... That Capital "T stands for Tablespoon on my bottle... So 2.5 tablespoons is correct

 

[Storm Shadow]

The response of terpenoids to exogenous gibberellic acid in Cannabis sativa L. at veg

The response of terpenoids to exogenous gibberellic acid in Cannabis sativa L. at veg

http://www.springerlink.com/content/p122k5k286200w23/

The response of terpenoids to exogenous gibberellic acid in Cannabis sativa L. at vegetative stage



Abstract

In this study the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) on plastidic and cytosolic terpenoids and on two key enzymes, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), for terpenoid biosynthesis was compared in vegetative cannabis plants. Treatment with GA3 resulted in a decrease of DXS activity in comparison with the control plants. The amount of chlorophylls a, b and total carotenoids declined when plants treated by GA3 in a concentration dependent manner. The α-tocopherol content of cannabis plants decreased in 50 μM GA3 treatment and increased in 100 μM GA3 treatment. Exogenous GA3 caused an increase in HMGR activity. Concomitant with this result, the amount of squalene and phytosterols increased with GA3 treatment. The amount of THC and CBD did not change at 50 μM GA3 treatment, but applying of 100 μM GA3 increased THC and CBD content in leaf plant in comparison with control plants. GA3 treatment declined number and percentage of monoterpenes in treated plants. Also the number of sesquiterpenes decreased in response to GA3 treatment but among the remainder of them, the amount of some sesquiterpenes decreased and some sesquiterpenes increased with GA3 treatment. Our results showed that GA3 treatment had opposite effect on primary terpenoid biosynthesis by the plastidic 2C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) pathways. But secondary terpenoids showed different response to GA3 treatment probably due to interference of two biosynthetic pathways in their formation.

 

[netprophet]

Shouldn't we be more concerned with The response of terpenoids to exogenous gibberellic acid in Cannabis sativa L. at flower?

What does the rest of the info in your attached abstract mean to you stormshadow?

 

[Player2]

Has anyone used JAZ Rose Spray in a continual harvest room, yet?

I'm wondering about the "signaling" affecting the not sprayed plants. I guess I will find out!

I am going to start with 1/4 the label dose and see what happens.

 

[swisscheese]

Another great one to read for sure. Why aren't the pics showing up at all?

 

[dizzlekush]

On PGR's and Trichome Development

On PGR's and Trichome Development

While this thread has discussed the use of Jasomones and Gibberellins for increasing trichome production/density, one group of phytohormones has been left out of the convorsation, the cytokinins. Cytokinins (6-BAP specifically) have shown to have equal or greater abilities in increasing trichome production over gibberellins.*

Now recognize that the increased production of GLANDULAR TRICHOMES ONLY can possibly increase production of cannabinoids, terpenoids and other phytochemicals. MeJA increases glandular trichome development more so than cytokinins or gibberellins, or at least interacts with the genes that initiate phytochemical production in glandular trichomes, while cytokinins and gibberellins do not.* Cytokinins usually have similar (slightly less on average) effects of overall induced trichome (glandular and non-glandular) production as MeJA, and more so than Gibberellins.*

I was not able to find any studies where MeJA was co-applied with cytokinins and trichome production was quantified. there is obvious antagonism between jasmonates and cytokinins, since jasmonates stunt mitosis, while cytokinins promote it. so it is possible that co-applying GIBB with MeJA will be more effective than co-applications with cytokinin when it comes to trichome production, since GIBBs promote cell elongation instead of division, while jasmonates have no effect on cell size. But so far this discussion about increasing trichome production has been missing a very crucial side to the discussion, the applications of cytokinins (BAP specifically).
(*at least in all tested species)

Temporal Control of Trichome Distribution by MicroRNA156-Targeted SPL Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana
Nan Yu, Wen-Juan Cai, Shucai Wang, Chun-Min Shan, Ling-Jian Wang, and Xiao-Ya Chena

The production and distribution of plant trichomes is temporally and spatially regulated. After entering into the flowering stage, Arabidopsis thaliana plants have progressively reduced numbers of trichomes on the inflorescence stem, and the floral organs are nearly glabrous. We show here that SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) genes, which define an endogenous flowering pathway and are targeted by microRNA 156 (miR156), temporally control the trichome distribution during flowering. Plants overexpressing miR156 developed ectopic trichomes on the stem and floral organs. By contrast, plants with elevated levels of SPLs produced fewer trichomes. During plant development, the increase in SPL transcript levels is coordinated with the gradual loss of trichome cells on the stem. The MYB transcription factor genes TRICHOMELESS1 (TCL1) and TRIPTYCHON (TRY) are negative regulators of trichome development. We show that SPL9 directly activates TCL1 and TRY expression through binding to their promoters and that this activation is independent of GLABROUS1 (GL1). The phytohormones cytokinin and gibberellin were reported to induce trichome formation on the stem and inflorescence via the C2H2 transcription factors GIS, GIS2, and ZFP8, which promote GL1 expression. We show that the GIS-dependent pathway does not affect the regulation of TCL1 and TRY by miR156-targeted SPLs, represented by SPL9. These results demonstrate that the miR156-regulated SPLs establish a direct link between developmental programming and trichome distribution.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929091/

Functional Specialization of the TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 Network Allows Differential Hormonal Control of Laminal and Marginal Trichome Initiation in Arabidopsis Rosette Leaves
Lies Maes, Dirk Inzé and Alain Goossens

Trichome initiation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is controlled by the TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) network that consists of R2R3- and R1-type MYB-related transcription factors, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, and the WD40 protein TTG1. An experimental method was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which jasmonates, cytokinins, and gibberellins modulate Arabidopsis leaf trichome formation. All three phytohormones provoked a seemingly common effect on cell patterning by promoting trichome initiation but caused strikingly distinct effects on cell and trichome maturation. The phytohormonal control was mediated by transcriptional regulation of the established TTG1 complex and depended on the R2R3-MYB factor GLABRA1. However, unsuspected degrees of functional specialization of the bHLH factors and a resultant differential molecular regulation of trichome initiation on leaf lamina and leaf margins were revealed. Trichome formation on leaf lamina relied entirely on GLABRA3 and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3. Conversely, TRANSPARENT TESTA8 (TT8) was particularly important for marginal trichome development. This hitherto unknown role for TT8 in trichome formation further underscored the functional redundancy between the three TTG1-dependent bHLH proteins.

http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/148/3/1453.full

Integration of cytokinin and gibberellin signalling by Arabidopsis transcription factors GIS, ZFP8 and GIS2 in the regulation of epidermal cell fate
Yinbo Gan, Chang Liu, Hao Yu and Pierre Broun

The effective integration of hormone signals is essential to normal plant growth and development. Gibberellins (GA) and cytokinins act antagonistically in leaf formation and meristem maintenance and GA counteract some of the effects of cytokinins on epidermal differentiation. However, both can stimulate the initiation of defensive epidermal structures called trichomes. To understand how their relative influence on epidermal cell fate is modulated, we investigated the molecular mechanisms through which they regulate trichome initiation in Arabidopsis. The control by cytokinins of trichome production requires two genes expressed in late inflorescence organs, ZFP8 and GIS2, which encode C2H2 transcription factors related to GLABROUS INFLORESCENCE STEMS (GIS). Cytokinin-inducible GIS2 plays a prominent role in the cytokinin response, in which it acts downstream of SPINDLY and upstream of GLABROUS1. In addition, GIS2 and ZFP8 mediate, like GIS, the regulation of trichome initiation by gibberellins. By contrast, GIS does not play a significant role in the cytokinin response. Collectively, GIS, ZFP8 and GIS2, which encode proteins that are largely equivalent in function, play partially redundant and essential roles in inflorescence trichome initiation and in its regulation by GA and cytokinins. These roles are consistent with their pattern of expression and with the regional influence of GA and cytokinins on epidermal differentiation. Our findings show that functional specialization within a transcription factor gene family can facilitate the integration of different developmental cues in the regulation of plant cell differentiation.

http://dev.biologists.org/content/134/11/2073.full

Dissection of the phytohormonal regulation of trichome formation and biosynthesis of the antimalarial compound artemisinin in Artemisia annua plants.
Lies Maes, Filip C W Van Nieuwerburgh, Yansheng Zhang, Darwin W Reed, Jacob Pollier, Sofie R F Vande Casteele, Dirk Inzé, Patrick S Covello, Dieter L D Deforce, Alain Goossens

Biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene lactone and potent antimalarial drug artemisinin occurs in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua plants and is subjected to a strict network of developmental and other regulatory cues. The effects of three hormones, jasmonate, gibberellin and cytokinin, were studied at the structural and molecular levels in two different A. annua chemotypes by microscopic analysis of gland development, and by targeted metabolite and transcript profiling. Furthermore, a genome-wide cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based transcriptome profiling was carried out of jasmonate-elicited leaves at different developmental stages. Although cytokinin and gibberellin positively affected at least one aspect of gland formation, these two hormones did not stimulate artemisinin biosynthesis. Only jasmonate simultaneously promoted gland formation and coordinated transcriptional activation of biosynthetic gene expression, which ultimately led to increased sesquiterpenoid accumulation with chemotype-dependent effects on the distinct pathway branches. Transcriptome profiling revealed a trichome-specific fatty acyl- coenzyme A reductase, trichome-specific fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (TFAR1), the expression of which correlates with trichome development and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. TFAR1 is potentially involved in cuticular wax formation during glandular trichome expansion in leaves and flowers of A. annua plants. Analysis of phytohormone-modulated transcriptional regulons provides clues to dissect the concerted regulation of metabolism and development of plant trichomes.

http://www.mendeley.com/research/di...-compound-artemisinin-artemisia-annua-plants/

Hormone-mediated promotion of trichome initiation in plants is conserved but utilizes species- and trichome-specific regulatory mechanisms
Lies Maes and Alain Goossens

Plant trichome initiation is steered by diverse developmental and environmental cues, through molecular mechanisms that remain elusive in most plant species. Using a robust experimental method to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which phytohormones modulate leaf trichome formation, we verified the effect of jasmonates, cytokinins and gibberellins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). All three phytohormones promoted Arabidopsis trichome initiation, but caused divergent effects on trichome maturation and other leaf parameters. Molecular analysis indicated that the phytohormones mediated trichome initiation by the transcriptional regulation of the components of the TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) activator/inhibitor complex. In this addendum, we additionally studied the effects of jasmonates, cytokinins and gibberellins on leaf trichome formation in a representative set of plant species, spanning the angiosperm lineage and covering different trichome types. We found that the general ability of the three phytohormones to impinge on trichome initiation is conserved across angiosperms, but that within a particular plant species distinct regulatory networks might be activated to steer the formation of the various trichome types.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884137/

6-Benzylaminopurine treatment induces increased pubescence on wheat leaves
Hidekazu Kobayashi, Mikiko Yanaka and Tatsuya M. Ikeda

The epidermis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves contains trichomes that contribute to resistance to insect pests and drought tolerance. In the present study, we examined the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on trichome development on the leaves of wheat cv. Norin 61 seedlings. Without phytohormone treatment, trichomes on the adaxial leaf surface were short (90 μm) and their density was low (3.6 trichomes/mm2). Both BA and MeJA treatments significantly increased the density of trichomes, and there were no significant differences between the phytohormone treatments. BA treatment increased trichome length to five times as long as that in the control, whereas MeJA treatment did not significantly affect trichome length. Since BA treatment concurrently increased the DNA content of the nuclei in trichome cells, endoreduplication of the nuclei is probably involved in trichome enlargement. These results indicate that even wheat cultivars with short trichomes retain the mechanisms for trichome enlargement and stimuli such as BA application can induce increased pubescence on wheat leaves.

http://www.springerlink.com/content/vk311113m3k25g11/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884137/

 

[blueberrydrumz]

Has anyone used JAZ Rose Spray in a continual harvest room, yet?

I'm wondering about the "signaling" affecting the not sprayed plants. I guess I will find out!

I am going to start with 1/4 the label dose and see what happens.

hey player2... anything to report?? sounds interesting

 

[Dorky]

Anyone try Jaz Plant strengthener?

Would be a lot easlier to dump in the rez vs foliar. Some corners of the room are just hard to reach well.

 

[Kcar]

Got my bottle of Jaz in the mail today. coupon code M2011 for 15% off if anyone
is going to order from their site...

 

[dizzlekush]

Got my bottle of Jaz in the mail today. coupon code M2011 for 15% off if anyone
is going to order from their site...

Oh yea, i should have posted that when i got mine. please let us know how it works out. i suggest using distilled water with it instead of tap. please let us know how it works out for you. if you just remember how much you put in each quart/liter/gallon etc. and the concentration MDHJ your product is i can do the math and find out the ppm so we can have a better understanding of the proper dosage of MDHJ for cannabis.

 

[Kcar]

My plan is to use 10ml per pint spray bottle around week 5. Using Jack's Pro in Hydro, I've lost some aroma, gained Trics and saved money. So my hope is to bring the smell back
to the forefront.

 

[waveguide]

i'm probably repeating what's already been established in this thread (it's a long thread, so posting only for the sake of short attn spans...)

on gibberellic acid:
check the wikipedia article.. it pictures a cannabis plant

i used it, that's what i got.

male flowers, feminized seed (yay!) tall, skinny plant with minute buds. like a green radio antenna. glad i needed the seeds because what it does to your bud will make you cry.

 

[blueberrydrumz]

i'm probably repeating what's already been established in this thread (it's a long thread, so posting only for the sake of short attn spans...)

on gibberellic acid:
check the wikipedia article.. it pictures a cannabis plant

i used it, that's what i got.

male flowers, feminized seed (yay!) tall, skinny plant with minute buds. like a green radio antenna. glad i needed the seeds because what it does to your bud will make you cry.

thx for the info... whot was the ppm of GA3 you used??