Train

[Hammerhead]

Nice read,, So who has the Skunk lol.

I wounder if people are not using the same amounts of Sulfur in their nutrients to produce the skunk that we use to have. Sulfur was used heavily back in the 70's to grow cannabis

 

[acespicoli]

Nice read,, So who has the Skunk lol.

I wounder if people are not using the same amounts of Sulfur in their nutrients to produce the skunk that we use to have. Sulfur was used heavily back in the 70's to grow cannabis

Thats a big up for the sulfur you can grow horse radish for example and without sulfur no bite...
Just cause you have the plant.. dont mean skunk.. it takes a proper environment to bring her musk out
Same as growing a garlic with a bite,

One handful of elemental sulfur flowers per plant should do the trick
Glad you mentioned that thanks @Hammerhead

Sulfur fungicides are very effective for powdery mildew


It can also treat a wide array of pests, including thrips, scale, ticks, red spider mites, the two-spotted spider mite, and other pest mites like broad mites.

Sulfur burners in cannabis crops can save you a lot of potential trouble like fungi infestations, but not many people know how to use them. They’re amazingly helpful in large growing rooms or grows using mother
plants, because it gets rid of any fungi looking to make a home there; if your plants get infected while growing or if they’re mother plants then it could be absolutely disastrous.


Sulfur changes the pH of many surfaces, like your plants, which in turn avoids the appearance of fungi like mildew and infestations like spider mites, which are both devastating for your indoor plants. This solution is honestly quite easy, but many people don’t even try it out of misinformation or not knowing how it works.

Sulfur Fungicide: Disease And Pest Control Option

A good sulfur fungicide can be used for everything from spider mites to treating powdery mildew. We discuss how it works in the garden!

www.epicgardening.com

 

[Hammerhead]

I don't think Sulfur used as a fungicide/pesticide would make any Skunk aroma stronger. Sulfur smells like sulfur when used externally to me.. In the root zone, it's def an important macronutrient for Cannabis. There are many plants that have skunk aromas just no very strong. Might be something to look at.

 

[mexweed]

potassium sulfate during peak flowering per Bill Farthing

 

[Mtn. Nectar]

but sulfur was never used and was rank from sprout through cure…..it was a genetic trait ….
ganj on……

 

[mexweed]

there was definitely a source of sulfur though, epsom salt provides sulfur, organic matter decomposing produces sulfur, sulfur can come from the atmosphere and is in rainwater

 

[acespicoli]

Thru testing of thiol levels will be be able to remotely compare the "skunkiness" of our strains

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac503411p

A novel thiol-reductase activity of Arabidopsis YUC6 confers drought tolerance independently of auxin biosynthesis - Nature Communications

YUC6 is a flavin monooxygenase required for the synthesis of the plant hormone auxin. Chaet al. discover that in Arabidopsis, this enzyme also plays a role in combatting oxidative stress independently of auxin biosynthesis, by acting as a thiol-reductase.

www.nature.com

Xinjiang, an autonomous territory in northwest China, is a vast region of deserts

If you remember the first post on the origin of the skunky smelling indica plants...let us continue
thiol-reductase activity in plants confers drought tolerance in plants

A example used is Yucca, which you may already know is useful in starting seedlings and as a wetting agent

Abiotic stresses, such as low or high temperature, deficient or excessive water, high salinity, heavy metals, and ultraviolet radiation, are hostile to plant growth and development,

3 Tips for Controlled Drought Stress​

Limit water to maximize cannabinoid and terpene levels in cannabis production.




May 26, 2021


Dr. Deron Caplan, Ph.D.

Figure 1. Location for leaf angle measurement to indicate degree of wilting in cannabis.
Severe drought lowers yields and kills crops, but, in moderation, drought can stimulate secondary metabolite production. Slight and infrequent drought stress combined with high solar radiation is recognized to increase essential oils in herbs and spices in places such as the Mediterranean. Fortunately, cannabis growers can also use drought to their advantage to increase the secondary metabolite content, or cannabinoids and terpenes, of their crops.
Researchers at the University of Guelph (U of G) found that a single controlled application of drought stress increased the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) by 12% and 13%, respectively, compared to a non-stressed control. Further, yield per unit growing area of THCA, CBDA, THC and CBD increased 43%, 47%, 50% and 67%, respectively.
Applying controlled drought stress may be difficult in some cultivation systems, but for those interested in experimenting (carefully), here are some tips.

Tip 1: Go slow and watch for wilting.​

In the U of G study, drought stress was applied by allowing the container-grown cannabis plants to dry slowly under standard conditions. As water became limiting (around the 11-day mark), the fan leaves began to wilt and the plants were rewatered. Wilting was defined as a 50% increase in leaf angle from their normal state and measured using a handheld protractor (Fig 1).


Note that the wilting response to drought varies by species, and only one cultivar was used in the study. Other cultivars may wilt differently, making it important to watch your plants closely. Other drought stress indicators such as growing media moisture content may be better suited for some cultivars.

Figure 2. Visual effects of drought stress on Cannabis sativa L. ‘NC:Med (Nebula)’
Photos by Deron Caplan

Tip 2: Apply drought stress during mid-to-late flowering.​

Drought stress timing is essential to minimize yield losses and maximize the concentration of secondary metabolites. If drought is applied while the plants are growing vegetatively, you can expect a drop in yield. In the U of G study, drought was applied at week 7 in flower when vegetative growth was mostly complete.
Cannabinoids accumulate mostly during the flowering stage, but the timing of cannabinoid concentration varies by cultivar. It is best to collect cannabinoid content data throughout the crop to inform when to apply the stress, but this can be cost prohibitive for some growers. In most cases, a good place to start is two to three weeks before harvest and iterate from there.

Tip 3: Start slow, and don’t overdo it.​

A host of factors can influence water use in plants. For example, high heat, low humidity and high airflow can increase water usage. Additionally, a low growing media volume can decrease water availability. Both increased water usage and reduced availability can expedite drought stress symptoms.
In the U of G study, wilting occurred after 11 days without water. The drought stress was gradual, allowing the plants to acclimate. Keep this time frame in mind when applying drought stress in your cultivation system—you may need to adjust environmental conditions, the growing media, or the pot size to get comparable results.
Dr. Deron Caplan, PhD, is the Director of R&D at Flowr in Kelowna, B.C.

References​

1. Kleinwächter, M. & Selmar, D. New insights explain that drought stress enhances the quality of spice and medicinal plants: Potential applications. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 35, 121–131 (2015).
2. Caplan, D., Dixon, M. & Zheng, Y. Increasing Inflorescence Dry Weight and Cannabinoid Content in Medical Cannabis Using Controlled Drought Stress. HortScience. 54, 964–969 (2019).
3. Xu, Z., Zhou, G. & Shimizu, H. Plant responses to drought and rewatering. Plant Signal Behavior. 5, 649–54 (2010).

A Central Role for Thiols in Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stress

Abiotic stress poses major problems to agriculture and increasing efforts are being made to understand plant stress response and tolerance mechanisms and to develop new tools that underpin successful agriculture. However, the molecular mechanisms of plant ...

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Rail transport in China - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Xinjiang – Travel guide at Wikivoyage

en.wikivoyage.org

Kashgar – Travel guide at Wikivoyage

en.wikivoyage.org

Home - Silkroad-Expeditions Xinjiang China Travel Service

Silk Road Expeditions formed of local professionals and organize professional Mountaineering Expeditions and Silk Road Tours in Kashgar Xinjiang China.

silkroad-expeditions.com

 

[acespicoli]

1913: Jamaica banned cannabis with the Ganja Law, supported by the white ruling class and the Council of Evangelical Churches in Jamaica.[16]
1914: British East Africa Protectorate banned cannabis.[17]
1920: Sierra Leone banned cannabis.[18]
1920: Mexico banned the cultivation, sale, and recreational use of cannabis.[19]
1922: South Africa banned cannabis nationally, under the Customs and Excises Duty Act.[20][21]
1923: Canada banned cannabis.[22]
1923: Panama banned the cultivation and use of cannabis.[23]

• Turkey
• ThailandClone Group: OG Kush GAL303 (92 Cuts)
• Nepal
• Hemp cultivar NLH
• Mexico
• Peru-Minasel Mono Rojo
• Oaxaca 1978
• Nepal
• Jamaica
• Laos
• Afghanistan
• Pakistan
• Vietnam
• Mexico - Acapulco
• Turkey
• Hindu Kush
• Turkey
• Afghanistan
• Vietnam 1990s
• Ethiopia
• Ghani
• Romania
• Afghanistan Kyber Pass
• Panama

@Pineapple_ P / Double Oaxacan​

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Oaxacan 79' S1's - from a old lot of seeds only one female plant was able to germinate​

from this was made a batch of feminized seed

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[CavanalCannabis]

Fascinating! But wasn’t there some drama around phylos? Anyone know the details of what that was about?

 

[goingrey]

Fascinating! But wasn’t there some drama around phylos? Anyone know the details of what that was about?

Seems like it is some kind of conspiracy theory about samples submitted for genotype testing being used to breed the strains they are selling and worries about future plant intellectual property issues due to mainstream industry board members.

Not aware of any drama in regards to the science.

 

[CavanalCannabis]

Seems like it is some kind of conspiracy theory about samples submitted for genotype testing being used to breed the strains they are selling and worries about future plant intellectual property issues due to mainstream industry board members.

Not aware of any drama in regards to the science.

Yeah that seems like a conflict of interest.. I didn’t know phylos was in the selling genetics business. Should be a totally neutral endeavor to catalog these things, not a money grab. The concept is great, but like most things in life, money corrupts. It’s so hard to trust anyone/anything anymore. Thanks for the info!

 

[mexweed]

there are plenty of issues with the galaxy because it has a limited sample size and some of the holders of the real cuts aren't ever going to send them in

for example wtf is "berry"...do they mean afghani?...it also shows chem 91 being a closer relative to motorbreath than D is to motorbreath when D is literally 1 of 2 plants used to make motorbreath, unless it was the apothecary chem D which is 91XD

 

[goingrey]

there are plenty of issues with the galaxy because it has a limited sample size and some of the holders of the real cuts aren't ever going to send them in

for example wtf is "berry"...do they mean afghani?...it also shows chem 91 being a closer relative to motorbreath than D is to motorbreath when D is literally 1 of 2 plants used to make motorbreath, unless it was the apothecary chem D which is 91XD

The value and accuracy of the genotype reports does depend on the sample size and provenance of provided samples, this true. That said, the Galaxy does have thousands of samples and some from pretty legit submitters. But more would be more. I also agree that the subpopulation names aren't the best. Might have been less confusing to just to call them A,B,C etc instead of Berry and whatever.

They stopped accepting submissions after the controversy. No one will be sending in anything.

 

[CavanalCannabis]

Man that’s a shame. What a great opportunity with it all; sounds like they really dropped the ball. Hopefully someone else will learn from their shortfalls and do it right soon.

 

[Hammerhead]

I wonder where Deep Chunk would test as,, Most likely Afghanica. That ACC road kill has the same description I remember.. We called it Skunk..

 

[acespicoli]

Mexico has heritage similar to varieties in Skunk, with a smaller component of genetic variation similar to varieties in Hemp, Landrace, CBD.

Plant Genotype Tests

phylos.freshdesk.com

You have to use the tools you have
From the data and past conversations they were grouped by terpene profiles very broad terms yes!

Cannabis Genome Original | Medicinal Genomics - Medicinal Genomics

Cannabis Genome Original Why DNA Sequencing? Both Industrial Hemp and Cannabis can be bred to be more productive and more medicinal. Genomic information can be a helpful tool here. Sequencing of THC, CBD, CBC, and other genes in the cannabinoid and terpene synthesis pathways are be shown to be...

www.medicinalgenomics.com

1000 Cannabis Genomes Project | Cloud Life Sciences Documentation | Google Cloud

cloud.google.com

Maybe someone has some other sources of data for comparison

One thing is to take this kind of data and make it accessible to everyone in usable form

 

[acespicoli]

I wonder where Deep Chunk would test as,, Most likely Afghanica. That ACC road kill has the same description I remember.. We called it Skunk..

skunk not skunk #1 interesting part is when one Brother goes to Canada and the other goes to Mexico
Alot of good genetics surfaced in Canada not long after

 

[Hammerhead]

No, Just Skunk weed. it's what we called it. We never had any Super Skunk or RKS.. It was lime green, more to the NLD side.

 

[acespicoli]

The high of a good skunk NLD has that haze high, I like a little paranoia and jitters if overdone.
Then settling into the munchies and red eye cotton mouth easy come down.
No cieling just keep getting higer and higher and never smoke yourself straight to a plateau
Of course it has to have the stink thru anything you put it in quality as well
Arm pit body odor onion garlic and that spicy herbal funk that makes you keep sniffing trying to place it
Just cant keep your nose outta the bag kinda good like a fine spiced Indian dish smell, incense ?
SKUNK Im thinking I need to get skunked right about now

 

[Hammerhead]

I never noticed differences in the high until I was much older. It was being stoned or not lol. The plant's leaf morphology doesn't mean much.. Lots of plants with NLD can put us out as any BLD could. The same goes for BLD having an up lifting high. The leaves can help ID if there's NLD/BLD genetics in them