Males will generally pass on branching structure and growth rate, females usually bud layout/structure and smell, but honestly it's a mix of both. Most people just pick similar looking males/females to breed.
you can absorb all the water out of it and freeze it in an air tight container, put aload of dry rice in with pollen and leave it sealed, the rice will take out any moisture from the pollen and it will then be ready for freezing.
please bare in mind this is a ghetto way of storing and wont always garentee your pollen stays viable.