Dud Identification Collective Knowledge.

[Sam_Skunkman]

Another possibility in some cases could be morphological variants possessing genetic recessive factors with a ‘prolonged juvenile chemotype’ (PJC), PJC is associated with a reduced presence of floral bracts, bracteoles, and capitate-stalked trichomes.
Could these be turned on and off via allosteric sites on the alleles or other means like epigenetic control of effector gene expression?
I know I am reaching here but I am trying to find anything that could fit the problems.
First I would check for BM, CM, RM, then viruses, then bacterial or fungal pathogens maybe spread by nematodes or insects or mites. It may be more then one pathogen on a dud plant.
No one has had any luck with local state agriculture pest labs?
A list that people could use in different areas would help people a lot, even if they only help state residents or medical users, or if they have other limitations about who can use their services. Please list any that anyone has used anywhere, same with private testing services, if they can help find pathogens, we need to list them to help people find them easy.
-SamS

 

[xxxstr8edgexxx]

curing of one type of phytoplasma in a lab seeting.http://esciencecentral.org/journals...-or-hot-water-treatment-2329-8863.1000107.pdf

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10658-013-0361-x

Expression of defence genes in stolbur phytoplasma infected tomatoes, and effect of defence stimulators on disease development

Abstract

In tomato, the stolbur disease caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ alters developmental processes resulting in malformations of both vegetative and reproductive organs, two stolbur phytoplasma strains PO and C induce mutually distinct symptoms. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of stolbur phytoplasma-infection on the Salicylic (SA) and Jasmonic (JA) acids hormone signalling pathways and to assess whether pre-activation of these defence pathways could protect tomato against the stolbur disease development. Expression of SA- and JA-dependent marker genes was studied in tomato by qRT-PCR. Results indicated that the SA-mediated defence response was activated by the stolbur phytoplasma strains PO and C in contrast to the JA-dependent defence pathway which was repressed by strain PO but activated by strain C. The two stolbur strains, PO and C, generated different responses, suggesting that the two strains might have distinct virulence factors, in agreement with the fact that they induce distinctive symptoms. In stolbur PO-infected tomato, pre-activation of the JA-dependent defence pathway by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) before infection had no effect on the disease development whereas pre-activation of the SA-dependent defence pathway by treatment with benzothiadiazole (BTH) prior to graft-inoculation of the phytoplasma resulted in a minor delay in phytoplasma multiplication and symptom production. As grafting implicates a high inoculum as compared to insect inoculation, it would be of interest to test BTH treatment in natural conditions.

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://www.academia.edu/6283531/RECENT_ADVANCES_IN_INDUCED_RESISTANCE_FOR_PLANT_DISEASE_MANAGEMENT

cheat sheet for defending your babies

 

[Storm Shadow]

Kontos is the only way to battle the Hemp Russet Mite

http://www.greenhousegrower.com/news/reducing-the-spread-of-rose-rosette-disease/

Reducing The Spread Of Rose Rosette Disease

The recent release of new hybrid landscape roses, including the Flower Carpet and Knock Out series, has raised interest in these ornamental plants for growers, landscapers and homeowners. According to the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service’s Nursery Crops 2006 Summary, deciduous shrubs, including roses, accounted for $648 million in gross sales.
Deciduous shrubs were the second largest contributor to sales — behind broadleaf evergreens with sales of $839 million — and accounted for 14 percent of the nursery sales total. But as breeders continue to develop rose varieties that are more disease resistant and easier to grow, one disease continues to elude their efforts to hybridize resistant varieties: rose rosette disease.
Symptoms Vary Based On Rose Species, Cultivar
Although symptoms of this disease were seen as early as the 1940s, the cause of rose rosette was not reported until 2011. Researchers at the University of Arkansas identified a negative-sense RNA virus that is strongly associated with rose rosette and developed detection tests for the virus. They found it in more than 80 plants, which showed disease symptoms. The virus was detected in all diseased plants but not in healthy-looking plants.
Plants infected by the virus can show a variety of symptoms. The severity of the symptoms differs with rose species and cultivar. The most severe symptoms are witches’ broom, lateral shoot elongation, bright-red coloration on leaves and malformation of flowers and leaves.
Growers should not assume the witches’ broom symptom is an indicator of rose rosette. This symptom can also be associated with certain types of herbicide damage. Fall applications of the herbicide glyphosate that contact the green tissue of rose plants can result in translocation of chemical into the buds. However, herbicide damage symptoms don’t become evident on the plants until the buds expand the following spring. Witches’ brooms symptoms caused by glyphosate injury usually appear as yellow, narrow leaves on clusters of shoots.
Flowers infected with rose rosette may produce fewer petals, and their color may be abnormal, such as a mottling coloration pattern. Flower buds may abort, be deformed or develop with leaf-like tissue. Infected rose canes may display excessive growth with red or green pliable thorns that eventually harden. Diseased canes may develop slowly, grow in a spiral pattern and be thicker than the parent canes from which they developed. Plants with the disease usually die in two to five years depending on the rose species.
A plant may display few of the symptoms, especially in the early stages of the disease. As the symptoms become severe and recognizable, there is an increased likelihood the disease will spread to nearby rose plants.
How The Disease Spreads
The virus associated with rose rosette disease is vectored by a small eriophyid mite (Phyllocoptes fructiphilus). The mite is transported over long distances by wind currents, and the virus can also be transmitted during propagation by grafting. Once a plant is infected with the virus, it becomes systemic. Although the virus is not soil-borne, it can persist in root pieces that remain in the soil. The wild rose species Rosa multiflora is highly susceptible to the disease.
Multiflora rose has become a primary host and source of the virus. Originally, it was introduced into the U.S. in the 1860s as a rootstock for ornamental roses. During the 1930s through the 1960s, the U.S. Soil Conservation Service recommended planting multiflora rose for soil erosion control, wildlife conservation and strip mine reclamation. It was also recommended as a living fence for cattle and a highway crash barrier.
Multiflora rose produces millions of seeds per plant and can also propagate itself vegetatively. It spreads quickly and has become so well established it is considered an invasive plant or noxious weed in some states, including Iowa, Ohio, West Virginia and New Jersey.
Increased reports of rose rosette disease have occurred within the last two years, says Michael Dobres, managing director of NovaFlora LLC, the research division of Star Roses and Plants/Conard-Pyle Co. The disease is not as prevalent beyond the Rocky Mountains because there are less plantings of R. multiflora than in the Midwest and on the East Coast.
“There has been a steady west to east movement of the disease over the last decade,” Dobres says. “If rose rosette continues to become more prevalent, we would hope that R. multiflora would be designated as an invasive plant by more states. Multiflora is around because of its extremely high seed set and because it is invasive. As an industry we should try to discourage the use of multiflora as much as possible.”
The good news is some wild rose species have shown resistance to the disease.
“There are about a half dozen rose species native to the U.S. that appear to have resistance to rose rosette,” Dobres says. “We’re actually looking at these roses at Star Roses and Plants. We’re looking at some of the genes from these roses through cross-pollination into some commercial hybrid roses. From the breeding standpoint, we are looking at disease-resistant wild varieties to develop ornamental hybrids. But developing disease-resistant hybrids is something for the future and is expected to take quite a while.”
Controlling Rose Rosette
Currently there are no chemical controls for the virus that causes rose rosette disease. Carlos Bográn, manager of technical services at OHP Inc., says growers need to develop a relationship with their rose propagators to ensure they are receiving disease-free roses.
“There has to be an agreement between the grower and propagator,” Bográn says. “They have to be partners in minimizing the spread of rose rosette disease. If a grower is not sure whether his plants are infected with the disease, he has to have the plants’ virus indexed like other virus diseases, such as hosta virus X.”
One of the most effective ways of controlling the spread of the disease is to eliminate multiflora rose from the immediate vicinity through cutback and the application of herbicides, Dobres says.
“We have prepared a Rose Rosette Disease Guide that lists various herbicides effective in controlling multiflora,” Dobres says. “The ability to use those herbicides may vary by state, and eliminating multiflora rose in every state is a nearly impossible task. We have to focus on eliminating it from areas surrounding landscape rose plantings and around grower production areas.”
The multiflora rose usually blooms during May and June. Plants produce fragrant, 1-inch diameter, white-to-pink flowers. Small, bright-red rose hips develop during the summer, become leathery and remain on the plant through the winter.
“Good cultural practices are essential and will go a long way in reducing the incidence of this disease,” Dobres says. “The most practical recommendation is for both growers and landscapers to do a heavy prune of dormant ornamental roses during late winter just before new growth appears. If growers and landscapers remove the upper portion of ornamental roses where eriophyid mites can be found in the leaf axils, it will significantly reduce the disease pressure on the plants.”
Controlling The Mites
Controlling the eriophyid mite that vectors rose rosette disease can be an effective deterrent in the spread of the disease, Bográn says.
“Growers don’t have to be concerned that this mite will attack and spread the disease to other ornamental plants,” he says. “They have to be concerned about roses, in particular multiflora.”
Three miticides (Avid, Akari and Judo) along with horticultural oil have been listed as controls in Conard-Pyle’s Rose Rosette Disease Guide.
“We advise growers who use these miticides to rotate between the three chemicals,” Dobres says. “It is important to rotate these miticides so that the mites don’t build up resistance. These are contact controls and it is important to use them in rotation.”
Bográn says growers should also consider testing Kontos, a systemic insecticide/miticide labeled for spider mites and other sucking insects, on greenhouse and nursery crops. It can be used as both a spray and drench application.
“The benefit of using a systemic is that it is active in feeding sites that may not be reached by a spray application,” Bográn says. “Also, since the chemical is systemic and is taken up through the plant roots, a drench provides longer residual activity than a spray application.”
Plants should be monitored on a weekly basis throughout the growing season, which is usually April through June, depending on where a grower is located. Ornamental roses showing symptoms of the disease should be removed and discarded by burning or placing plants in plastic bags.
“A grower should confirm that the symptoms have been caused by the disease and not herbicide damage,” Dobres says. “If a diseased plant is identified, it should be removed and destroyed, both in the production environment and in a landscape planting.”

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://franklin.ifas.ufl.edu/newsletters/tag/disease/

It’s in Florida: Rose Rosette Virus, a Devastating Disease on Roses

The key symptoms for Rose Rosette Disease include witches’ broom, excessive thorns, abnormal red discoloration of shoots and foliage, distorted leaves and deformed buds and flowers (click the link below for symptoms). The diseased plants usually die in 1-3 years. Considering the economic importance of the rose plants, and the highly destructive nature of the Rose rosette virus, research is currently underway by scientists at the University of Florida and the Division of Plant Industry-FDACS to develop early detection methods for the virus and management practices. This project is funded by Florida Nursery Growers and Landscape Association, and the University of Florida, IFAS Dean for Research.


How should Nursery Growers Respond:

1. Routine scouting and early identification. Submit samples for definitive confirmation.
2. Destroy infected plants. There is no cure for rose rosette disease. Detection will prompt a quarantine by DPI until cleaned up.
3. Eriophyid mite management in early spring, rotating insecticides with different modes of action.

Note: The Eriophyid mite species described as the vector for RRV is not known to be present in Florida. Thus mite management recommendations are protective in nature.

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://www.extension.org/pages/33107/grape-rust-mite#.U4iPEU1OXfh

Grape Rust Mite

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23489522

Effects of an innovative strategy to contain grapevine Bois noir: field treatment with resistance inducers.

Romanazzi G1, Murolo S, Feliziani E.
Author information

• 1Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy. g.romanazzi@univpm.it

Abstract

Grapevine Bois noir (BN) is a phytoplasma disease that is widespread in most viticultural regions of the world, and it can result in heavy reductions to yields and grape juice quality. At present, there is no effective strategy to reduce the incidence of BN-infected grapevines. However, phytoplasma-infected plants can recover through spontaneous or induced symptom remission. Five elicitors (chitosan, two glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulations, benzothiadiazole, and phosetyl-Al) were applied weekly to the canopy of BN-infected 'Chardonnay' grapevines from early May to late July. The best and most constant recovery inductions were obtained with benzothiadiazole and the two glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulations. The plants that recovered naturally or following the elicitors showed qualitative and quantitative parameters of production no different from healthy plants. In another vineyard, diseased plants showed reduced shoot length and production compared with healthy plants, and there were no negative effects on these parameters for grapevines sprayed with a glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulation. The application of resistance inducers promoted the recovery of BN-infected grapevines with no adverse effects on the plants. Therefore, grapevine can be used as a model species to test this innovative strategy to contain phytoplasma diseases.

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://solutionsforyourlife.ufl.edu/hot_topics/pdfs/Tomato-Diseases.pdf

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING TOMATO, EGGPLANT & PEPPER DISEASES

 

[RetroGrow]

http://franklin.ifas.ufl.edu/newsletters/tag/disease/

It’s in Florida: Rose Rosette Virus, a Devastating Disease on Roses

The key symptoms for Rose Rosette Disease include witches’ broom, excessive thorns, abnormal red discoloration of shoots and foliage, distorted leaves and deformed buds and flowers (click the link below for symptoms). The diseased plants usually die in 1-3 years. Considering the economic importance of the rose plants, and the highly destructive nature of the Rose rosette virus, research is currently underway by scientists at the University of Florida and the Division of Plant Industry-FDACS to develop early detection methods for the virus and management practices. This project is funded by Florida Nursery Growers and Landscape Association, and the University of Florida, IFAS Dean for Research.


How should Nursery Growers Respond:

1. Routine scouting and early identification. Submit samples for definitive confirmation.
2. Destroy infected plants. There is no cure for rose rosette disease. Detection will prompt a quarantine by DPI until cleaned up.
3. Eriophyid mite management in early spring, rotating insecticides with different modes of action.

Note: The Eriophyid mite species described as the vector for RRV is not known to be present in Florida. Thus mite management recommendations are protective in nature.

You forgot to mention this part:
"Controlling the eriophyid mite that vectors rose rosette disease can be an effective deterrent in the spread of the disease, Bográn says.

“Growers don’t have to be concerned that this mite will attack and spread the disease to other ornamental plants,” he says. “They have to be concerned about roses, in particular multiflora.”
This is a disease of roses, NOT cannabis.

 

[Storm Shadow]

Eriophyids Mites transfer Witches Broom and the symptoms are exactly like cannabis...

The more you understand the better you can contribute..

<<<<<<<<<<<<edited>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Yellow Asters can be transferred through eriophyids Mites and Fungus Gnats ... Which will give you DUD

 

[Storm Shadow]

Sam ... what do you think about Agrobacterium tumefaciens aka Crown Gall

 

[Burnside GC]

Personally I think that if these dud problems are not pathogen related, they are a very extreme example of a recessive SOUR phenotype. Sour diesel is one of the only plants I've ever had that I have grown mother and clone out side by side and seen different phenotypical expressions from them. One typical sour diesel, the other a more sandlewoody, spicy, long spear cola growing pheno. The smell and flavor are almost non existent comparatively and I would consider that representation a "dud", but it occurred side by side with other healthy versions of the same clone.... so is the dud phenomenon a recessive sour trait? if so it can be grown out of the way tom and Sam suggested.

um, is this a joke?


no, duds are a result of fusarium and verticillium and other nasties being given for free out with clones people buy

plant wilting diseases and the like are a real bitch


not sure why folks have a hard time believing test results that were paid for, sent in soil, root, and plant samples from healthy looking and "dudded" plants. I don't have the results available ATM, but I think it's time to send in a known dud and post a pic of said results for you guys.

BTW this infection came from Cali, southern to be exact, to us at least

Plant Aids, you may as well play this song walking into a room full of it
[youtubeif]oYLr9FtYtME[/youtubeif]

anyone who is experiencing a dud, best advice, throw it away, strains come and go, and if ya really want, they will come back to ya, clean. and pop seeds, lots of em, you will be glad you did

 

[TickleMyBalls]

No, it is what is called a theory.

I love how you lump all people dealing with duds into one category.


My new theory, burnside GC is responsible for all duds. Sorry guys, he's the reason all of your cuts are more fusarium than cannabis. He even confirmed his HIV clone passing by posting a relavent song! Case closed!

 

[Burnside GC]

one simple thing I found that works really well

take a cup of R/O water and add a few tbs of Actinovate, then soak clones in it for a day, not submersed, just the stems soaking

maybe its just me, but even on healthy cuts they seem to love it

 

[Burnside GC]

No, it is what is called a theory.

I love how you lump all people dealing with duds into one category.


My new theory, burnside GC is responsible for all duds. Sorry guys, he's the reason all of your cuts are more fusarium than cannabis. He even confirmed his HIV clone passing by posting a relavent song! Case closed!

OK, I thought that was a pure LOL, is Sour that bad for people that maybe there is a gene in there that may cause something, I am asking, don't grow a straight sour

I have seen nothing but great thing from crosses with her, are you using the sour dub as a part of your theory? I think there are a bunch more strains that get it, but just curious if you have had similar results with more sour strains

Duds, no joke here, they fucking suck

 

[TickleMyBalls]

I have not grown the sour dub, but have seen what I am talking about with the original sour diesel/ECSD clone that I have been growing for 8 years. Everyone once in a while, a clone, or whole batch of clones will dud out/throw a completely undesirable phenotypical expression. I have seen it happen with sour D crosses, such as deathstar. Completely different nug structure and different terpene profile from the mother and other clones of the same strain in the same room.

 

[DIDM]

do you find that only certain branches do it? so part of the plant is all ok and part of it seems weeks behind? Also branches not right under the light are "OK" looking

in my experience, they seems 3-4 weeks behind, and all hairs

and the smell,like old hay in a barn or something

 

[TickleMyBalls]

With the sour d, it is usually a plant by plant thing. Not like the duded branch phenomena that happens with OG kush. That in my opinion is all light intensity and feeding related.

 

[dank.frank]

The main reason I posted the way I did a couple pages back was to try and make this more specific...

I do not think of this thread as a variation of Stitch's infirmary thread...It is not a "my plant isn't growing right, must be a dud" thread.

There are people that have experienced the EXACT issue with Sour Dubb - and know first hand EXACTLY what is being discussed here...but have yet to chime in, and that is a bit bothersome to me, because it opens the door to such a broad range of possibilities, when in reality this "dud" occurrence was really quite isolated.

TMB - to me, it sounds like what you have experienced is a failure of ECSD (not "sours" as a generic term) to produce identical replicas of itself when being cloned. That to me sounds like the plant is highly subject to "epigenetic drift" as it has been called in layman terms...but was more accurately discussed in the post (and links) that Mofeta posted...

That aside, I'm also of the opinion the more ideas that get tossed into the hat - the quicker we come to a resolution...

My only hesitation, TMB, is that I've not heard of such occurrences with the ECSD clone or her offspring - and with as many people grow it, one would think it to be common discussion at this point...

This isn't to say you are incorrect in any way - but it makes it hard to really give direct focus to your suggestion if you have never experienced this specific "dud" first hand with the cut it seems to have originated on (Sour Dubb) and if there are not others stepping forward to say they have experienced the same occurrence within all "sour" lines...

Again, not to shut the direction of this conversation down - but I would really like to hear if what TMB is describing about ECSD is commonly experienced by others...



dank.Frank

 

[Storm Shadow]

http://books.google.com/books?id=Qp...nepage&q=ectoparasite eriophyid mites&f=false


Plant Pathogen Detection and Disease Diagnosis, Second Edition,

"Viruses transmitted by Eriophyid mite"