In many places the climate is really cold and only auto-flowering strains finish. If you can take clones of a plant, can't you just cut off the budsites and let them finish indoors in a vase or in soil?
Are you suggesting vegging the plants outside and then taking clones to flower indoors? That's about all that would work in this type of scenario. After a certain point in flowering, "clones" just won't go. Have you considered a greenhouse? Or just staying indoors?